●Tsarin yin takarda bamboo
Tun bayan samun nasarar bunƙasa masana'antu da amfani da bamboo, sabbin matakai da fasahohi da samfuran sarrafa bamboo da yawa sun bayyana ɗaya bayan ɗaya, wanda ya haɓaka ƙimar amfani da gora sosai. Bunkasa fasahar sarrafa injina na kasar Sin ya karya ta hanyar gargajiya, kuma tana rikidewa zuwa tsarin samar da masana'antu da masana'antu. Shahararrun hanyoyin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na bamboo na yanzu sune injina, sinadarai da injina. Bamboo na kasar Sin galibi sinadarai ne, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 70%; Injin sinadarai ya yi ƙasa da 30%; amfani da hanyoyin inji don samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na bamboo yana iyakance ga matakin gwaji, kuma babu wani babban rahoton masana'antu.
1.Mechanical pulping Hanyar
Hanyar juzu'i na inji shine a niƙa bamboo cikin zaruruwa ta hanyoyin injina ba tare da ƙara abubuwan sinadarai ba. Yana yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga low gurbatawa, high pulping kudi da kuma sauki tsari. A karkashin halin da ake ciki na tsaurara matakan gurbata muhalli da karancin albarkatun itace a kasar, mutane suna darajanta bamboo na injina sannu a hankali.
Ko da yake inji pulping yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high pulping kudi da kuma low gurbatawa, shi ne yadu amfani a cikin pulping da papermaking masana'antu na coniferous kayan kamar spruce. Koyaya, saboda babban abun ciki na lignin, ash, da 1% NAOH tsantsa a cikin sinadarai na bamboo, ingancin ɓangaren litattafan almara ba shi da kyau kuma yana da wahala a cika buƙatun ingancin takarda na kasuwanci. Aikace-aikacen masana'antu ba kasafai ba ne kuma galibi yana cikin matakin binciken kimiyya da binciken fasaha.
2.Chemical pulping method
Hanyar ɓarkewar sinadarai tana amfani da bamboo azaman ɗanyen abu kuma tana amfani da hanyar sulfate ko hanyar sulfite don yin ɓangaren litattafan gora. Ana tace danyen bamboo, wankewa, bushewa, dafawa, sanyaya, tacewa, wanke-wanke ba tare da wani lokaci ba, rufewa, tantancewar iskar oxygen, bleaching da sauran hanyoyin yin ɓangaren litattafan almara na bamboo. Hanyar ƙwanƙwasa sinadarai na iya kare fiber ɗin kuma inganta ƙimar bugun jini. Abun da aka samu yana da inganci, mai tsabta da taushi, mai sauƙin bleach, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don samar da babban takarda rubutu da takarda bugu.
Saboda kawar da babban adadin lignin, ash da kuma daban-daban a cikin tsarin jujjuyawar hanyar sinadarai, ƙimar ƙwayar bamboo ba ta da ƙasa, gabaɗaya 45% ~ 55%.
3.Chemical Mechanical Pulping
Injin Injiniyan Rubutu hanya ce ta juzu'a wacce ke amfani da bamboo azaman ɗanyen abu kuma yana haɗa wasu halaye na ɓarkewar sinadarai da bugun injina. Kemikal Injin Pulping ya haɗa da hanyar sinadarai ta sinadari, hanyar injiniyoyin sinadarai da hanyar thermomechanical sinadarai.
Don ɓangarorin bamboo da yin takarda, ƙimar juzu'in sinadari na injina ya fi na sinadari pulping, wanda gabaɗaya zai iya kaiwa 72% ~ 75%; Ingancin ɓangaren litattafan almara da aka samu ta hanyar sinadari na injina ya fi na injina sama da na injina, wanda zai iya biyan buƙatun gaba ɗaya na samar da takarda. A lokaci guda kuma, farashin warkewar alkali da najasa yana kuma tsakanin jujjuyawar sinadarai da injin injina.
Layin Samar da Bamboo Pulping
● Kayan Aikin Bamboo Bamboo
Kayan aikin sashin samar da layin bamboo na ɓangaren litattafan almara na bamboo ɗin bamboo iri ɗaya ne da na layin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na itace. Babban bambancin kayan aikin ɓangarorin bamboo ya ta'allaka ne a cikin sassan shirye-shirye kamar yanka, wankewa da dafa abinci.
Domin bamboo yana da tsari mara kyau, kayan aikin yanka sun bambanta da na itace. Kayan aikin yankan gora da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da abin yanka bamboo, abin yanka bamboo diski da guntun ganga. Masu yankan bamboo na bamboo da masu yankan bamboo diski suna da ingantaccen aiki, amma ingancin guntun bamboo ɗin da aka sarrafa (Siffar guntun bamboo) ba ta da kyau kamar na ɗigon ganga. Masu amfani za su iya zaɓar kayan aikin yanka (flaking) masu dacewa daidai da manufar ɓangaren bamboo da farashin samarwa. Don ƙananan ƙwayoyin bamboo masu girma da matsakaici (fitarwa <100,000 t / a), kayan aikin yankan bamboo na gida sun isa don biyan bukatun samarwa; don manyan shuke-shuken bamboo (fitarwa ≥100,000 t/a), za a iya zaɓar kayan aiki masu girma na slicing (flaking).
Ana amfani da kayan wanke guntun bamboo don cire ƙazanta, kuma an ba da rahoton samfuran haƙƙin mallaka da yawa a China. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da injin wankin ɓangaren litattafan almara, injin wanki da matsi da bel. Matsakaici da manyan masana'antu za su iya amfani da sabbin maɓallan maɓalli biyu-biyu ko injin wanki mai ƙarfi.
Ana amfani da kayan dafa abinci guntu guntu bamboo don laushi guntun bamboo da rabuwar sinadarai. Kanana da matsakaitan masana'antu suna amfani da tukwane na dafa abinci a tsaye ko bututu mai ci gaba da dafa abinci. Manyan masana'antu na iya amfani da injin dafa abinci na Camille tare da wankin watsawa don haɓaka haɓakar samarwa, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ƙaru daidai da haka, amma zai ƙara farashin saka hannun jari na lokaci ɗaya.
1.Bamboo ɓangaren litattafan almara papermaking yana da babban m
Bisa binciken da aka yi na albarkatun bamboo na kasar Sin, da kuma yin nazari kan ingancin bamboo da kansa wajen yin takarda, da himma wajen raya sana'ar fasa bamboo ba wai kawai zai iya kawar da matsalar danyen itace a cikin masana'antar takarda ta kasar Sin ba, har ma ya zama wata hanya mai inganci ta yin canji. tsarin albarkatun kasa na masana'antar yin takarda da rage dogaro ga guntun itace da aka shigo da su. Wasu malaman sun yi nazari kan cewa kudin da ake kashewa na bamboo a kowace raka'a ya kai kashi 30% kasa da na Pine, spruce, eucalyptus, da sauransu, kuma ingancin bamboo ya yi daidai da na katako.
2.Forest-takarda hadewa shine muhimmin jagorar ci gaba
Sakamakon karuwar dazuzzuka na bamboo da ake samu cikin sauri da sake farfado da shi, da karfafa noman gandun daji na musamman na bamboo, da kafa sansanin noman bamboo da ke hade dazuzzuka da takarda zai zama alkibla mai ɗorewa na bunƙasa masana'antar sarrafa takarda ta kasar Sin, da rage guraben ayyukan yi. dogaro da guntuwar itace da ɓangaren litattafan almara da ake shigo da su daga waje, da bunƙasa masana'antu na ƙasa.
3.Cluster bamboo pulping yana da babban ci gaba m
A cikin masana'antar sarrafa gora ta yanzu, fiye da kashi 90% na kayan da ake amfani da su ana yin su ne da moso bamboo (Phoebe nanmu), wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don kera kayan gida da kayan gini. Yin takarda bamboo kuma ya fi amfani da moso bamboo (Phoebe nanmu) da cycad bamboo a matsayin albarkatun ƙasa, wanda ke haifar da yanayin gasar gasa kuma ba ta da amfani ga ci gaban masana'antu mai dorewa. Dangane da nau'in nau'in bamboo mai ɗanɗano, masana'antar yin takarda bamboo yakamata su haɓaka nau'ikan bamboo iri-iri don amfanin albarkatun ƙasa, yin cikakken amfani da bamboo cycad mai ƙarancin farashi, giant dragon bamboo, bamboo wutsiya phoenix, dendrocalamus latiflorus da ƙari. sauran bamboo mai dunƙulewa don ƙwanƙwasa da yin takarda, da haɓaka gasa ta kasuwa.
▲ Za a iya amfani da bamboo mai tari azaman abu mai mahimmanci na ɓangaren litattafan almara
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-04-2024
