Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi yawan nau'in bamboo kuma mafi girman matakin sarrafa bamboo. Tare da wadatar albarkatun bamboo da haɓaka fasahar yin takarda bamboo bamboo, masana'antar yin takarda bamboo tana haɓaka kuma saurin sauyi da haɓaka yana haɓaka. A cikin 2021, abin da ake fitar da bamboo na ƙasata ya kai tan miliyan 2.42, karuwa a duk shekara na 10.5%; akwai kamfanoni 23 na samar da ɓangarorin bamboo sama da girman da aka tsara, tare da ma'aikata 76,000 da ƙimar da ake fitarwa na yuan biliyan 13.2; akwai masana'antun sarrafa takarda da allunan bamboo guda 92, tare da ma'aikata 35,000 da adadin da aka fitar ya kai yuan biliyan 7.15; akwai kamfanoni sama da 80 da ke samar da takarda ta hannu da ke amfani da bamboo a matsayin albarkatun kasa, tare da ma'aikata kusan 5,000 da adadin da aka fitar ya kai kusan yuan miliyan 700; saurin kawar da iyawar samar da baya ya haɓaka, kuma ci-gaba da dafa abinci da fasahar bleaching, sinadarai na ƙwanƙwasa ingantaccen pre-impregnation da fasaha da kayan aiki an yi amfani da su sosai wajen samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na bamboo. Masana'antar yin takarda bamboo ta ƙasata tana motsawa zuwa ga zamani da ma'auni.
Sabbin matakan
A watan Disamba na 2021, Hukumar Kula da Gandun Daji da Ciyawa ta Jiha, Hukumar Raya Kasa da Gyara ta Kasa da wasu sassa 10 tare sun ba da "Ra'ayoyin Haɓaka Ƙirƙiri da Ci gaban Masana'antar Bamboo". Garuruwa daban-daban sun tsara manufofin tallafi cikin nasara don ba da goyon baya mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ingantaccen haɓaka masana'antar bamboo, gami da ɓangaren bamboo da masana'antar takarda. Babban yankunan bamboo na kasara da kuma samar da takarda sun mayar da hankali ne a Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing, Guangxi, Fujian da Yunnan. Daga cikin su, a halin yanzu Sichuan ita ce lardin da ake noman bamboo da takarda mafi girma a kasara. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lardin Sichuan ya himmatu wajen samar da wani gungu na masana'antun masana'antu na "bamboo-bambura-takardar-sarrafa-sayarwa", ya haifar da babbar alama ta takardar bamboo bamboo, kuma ya canza fa'idar albarkatun bamboo kore zuwa bunƙasa masana'antu. abũbuwan amfãni, cimma gagarumin sakamako. Dangane da albarkatun bamboo masu yawa, Sichuan ta noma nau'ikan gandun daji masu inganci, da inganta dazuzzukan gandun dajin bamboo, da dasa dazuzzukan bamboo a kan gangara sama da digiri 25 da filayen noma marasa tushe mai gangara daga digiri 15 zuwa 25 a cikin ruwa mai mahimmanci. kafofin da suka dace da manufofin, ta hanyar kimiyance, sun haɓaka aikin sarrafa gandun daji na bamboo mai sassa uku, da daidaita haɓakar dazuzzukan bamboo na katako da dazuzzukan bamboo na muhalli, da ƙarfafa ɗimbin ramuwa da matakan tallafi. Rijiyoyin bamboo sun ƙaru a hankali. A cikin 2022, yankin gandun daji na bamboo a cikin lardin ya zarce miliyan 18, yana ba da babban adadin albarkatun fiber na bamboo masu inganci don ƙwanƙarar bamboo da yin takarda, musamman ɓangaren bamboo na gida takarda launi na halitta. Don tabbatar da ingancin takardan gida na bamboo, da haɓaka wayar da kai game da takardan gida na launi na halitta a gida da waje, ƙungiyar masana'antar takarda ta Sichuan ta nemi ofishin alamar kasuwanci na ofishin mallakar fasaha na jihar don yin rajistar "Takardar Bamboo Bamboo Bamboo. "alamar kasuwanci ta gama gari. Tun daga gwagwarmayar hannu daya da aka yi a baya, har zuwa ci gaban da aka samu a tsaka-tsaki da kuma babban ci gaba a halin yanzu, yin hadin gwiwa don zurfafa hadin gwiwa da samun nasara, ya zama alfanu na ci gaban takardar Sichuan. A shekarar 2021, akwai kamfanonin sarrafa bamboo guda 13 sama da girman da aka tsara a lardin Sichuan, tare da fitar da bamboo ton miliyan 1.2731, wanda ya karu da kashi 7.62 cikin dari a duk shekara, wanda ya kai kashi 67.13% na asalin fitar bamboo na kasar. wanda kusan kashi 80% aka yi amfani da shi don samar da takarda na gida; akwai kamfanoni 58 na bamboo na bamboo na gida tare da fitowar tan miliyan 1.256 a shekara; akwai kamfanonin sarrafa takarda bamboo guda 248 tare da fitar da tan miliyan 1.308 a shekara. Kashi 40% na takardan gidan bamboo na bamboo na halitta ana siyar dashi a lardin, kuma ana siyar da kashi 60% a wajen lardin da kuma kasashen waje ta hanyar dandamalin tallace-tallace na e-kasuwanci da shirin "Belt and Road" na kasa. Duniya na kallon kasar Sin don neman bamboo, kuma kasar Sin na kallon Sichuan don neman bamboo. Alamar "bamboo pulp paper" ta Sichuan ta tafi duniya.
Sabuwar fasaha
kasata ita ce kasa mafi girma a duniya wajen samar da bamboo bamboo/bamboo dissolving pulp, tare da layukan samar da sinadarai na zamani guda 12 tare da karfin samar da fiye da ton 100,000 a shekara, jimlar samar da tan miliyan 2.2, wanda tan 600,000 ke narkar da bamboo. ɓangaren litattafan almara. Fang Guigan, mai bincike kuma mai kula da digiri na uku a cibiyar masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin gandun daji ta kwalejin gandun daji ta kasar Sin, ya dade yana himmantuwa wajen yin bincike da bunkasa muhimman fasahohi da na'urori ga masana'antar noma mai tsafta ta kasata. Ya ce, bayan kokarin hadin gwiwa na masana’antu, ilimi da bincike, masu bincike sun karya lagon fasahohin fasahar bamboo/narkar da tsangwama, kuma an yi amfani da ci-gaba da fasahar dafa abinci da bleaching da kayan aiki wajen samar da sinadari na bamboo. Ta hanyar canji da aiwatar da sakamakon binciken kimiyya da fasaha kamar "Sabbin Fasaha don Ingantaccen Bamboo Pulping da Takardu" tun daga "Shirin Shekaru Biyar na Goma Sha Biyu", tun farko kasata ta warware matsalar ma'aunin gishirin N da P a cikin aiwatar da tsarin. cire silikon barasa baƙar fata da maganin fitarwa na waje. A lokaci guda, an sami ci gaba a cikin haɓakar ƙayyadaddun fari na bamboo mai yawan amfanin ƙasa. A ƙarƙashin yanayin adadin wakili na bleaching na tattalin arziƙi, farin bamboo mai yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ƙaru daga ƙasa da 65% zuwa fiye da 70%. A halin yanzu, masu bincike suna aiki don warware matsalolin fasaha kamar yawan amfani da makamashi da ƙarancin amfanin gona a cikin tsarin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara, da ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar fa'idodi masu tsada a cikin samar da ɓangaren litattafan gora da haɓaka gasa a kasuwannin duniya na ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Sabbin damammaki
A cikin Janairu 2020, sabon tsarin hana filastik na ƙasa ya ƙayyadad da iyakokin ƙuntatawa na filastik da zaɓin zaɓuɓɓuka, yana kawo sabbin dama ga ɓangaren bamboo da kamfanonin samar da takarda. Masana sun yi nuni da cewa, a karkashin tsarin “carbon dual carbon”, bamboo, a matsayin wani muhimmin albarkatun dazuzzukan da ba na itace ba, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da tsaron itacen duniya, da samar da karancin koren carbon, da inganta rayuwar jama’a. "Maye gurbin robobi da bamboo" da "maye gurbin itace da gora" suna da babban tasiri da kuma babbar damar ci gaban masana'antu. Bamboo yana girma da sauri, yana da babban biomass kuma yana da wadatar albarkatu. Ingancin tsarin halittar bamboo fiber na bamboo da abun ciki na cellulose yana tsakanin itacen coniferous da itace mai faffadan ganye, kuma ɓangarorin bamboo da aka samar yana kwatankwacin ɓangaren itace. Fiber ɗin bamboo ya fi tsayi fiye da na itace mai faɗi, ƙananan bangon tantanin halitta na musamman ne, ƙarfin bugun jini da ductility yana da kyau, kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da kyawawan kaddarorin gani. A lokaci guda kuma, bamboo yana da babban abun ciki na cellulose kuma yana da kyakkyawan kayan fiber don yin takarda. Za'a iya amfani da bambance-bambancen halayen ɓangaren bamboo da ɓangaren litattafan itace don samar da samfuran babban takarda da takarda daban-daban. Fang Guigan ya ce, ci gaba mai dorewa na bamboo bamboo da masana'antar takarda ba shi da bambanci da kirkire-kirkire: na farko, kirkire-kirkire siyasa, kara tallafin kudi, da ginawa da inganta ababen more rayuwa kamar hanyoyi, hanyoyin igiyoyi, da nunin faifai a yankunan dazuzzukan bamboo. Na biyu, ƙirƙira a cikin kayan aikin sassaƙa, musamman yawan amfani da na'urori masu sarrafa kansu da fasaha na fasaha, za su inganta haɓakar ƙwadago sosai tare da rage faɗuwar farashin. Na uku, ƙirƙira ƙirar ƙira, a wuraren da ke da kyakkyawan yanayin albarkatu, tsarawa da gina wuraren shakatawa na masana'antu na bamboo, faɗaɗa sarkar masana'antu da faɗaɗa sarkar sarrafawa, da gaske samun cikakkiyar amfani da albarkatun bamboo, da haɓaka fa'idodin tattalin arziki na masana'antar bamboo. Na hudu, kirkire-kirkire na kimiyya da fasaha, fadada nau'ikan kayayyakin sarrafa bamboo, kamar kayan aikin bamboo, allunan gora, sarrafa ganyen gora, zurfin sarrafa guntun bamboo (nodes, bamboo yellow, bamboo bran), amfani mai daraja mai girma. lignin, da kuma fadada ikon yin amfani da cellulose (narke ɓangaren litattafan almara); warware manyan ƙwanƙolin fasaha a cikin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na bamboo ta hanyar da aka yi niyya da kuma fahimtar zamani da fasahar cikin gida da kayan aiki. Ga kamfanoni, ta hanyar haɓaka sabbin samfuran tashoshi daban-daban kamar narkar da ɓangaren litattafan almara, takarda gida, da takarda marufi na abinci, da ƙarfafa cikakkiyar ƙimar amfani da sharar fiber a cikin samarwa, hanya ce mai inganci don fita daga cikin mafi girma. samfurin riba da wuri-wuri kuma a sami ci gaba mai inganci.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-08-2024
